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It provides information necessary for building CRO files and for the CTR applications that use them. 400</P> 401<ul> 402 <li>CRO build sequence 403 <li>Sequence for building applications that use CRO files 404 <li>Procedures for creating each file 405</ul> 406 407<P>This document provides the minimum information necessary to create a build system equivalent to the one provided in the SDK.</P> 408 409<P>For more information about creating a more flexible and sophisticated build system, see the <I><a href="BuildSystemDevelopmentGuideForDllAdvanced.html" target="_parent">Build System Development Guide (for High-Level DLLs)</a></I>.</P> 410 411<P>For information about the structure and usage of the build system provided by the SDK, see the <I><a href="BuildSystemManualForDll.html" target="_parent">CTR-SDK Build System Manual (for DLLs)</a></I>.</P> 412 413<P>This document assumes basic knowledge of CTR-SDK terms. See the <I><a href="../Glossary/Glossary.html">CTR-SDK Glossary</a></I> for a glossary of basic CTR-SDK terms.</P> 414 415 416<H3>Notation Used in This Document</H3> 417<P> 418Content in shaded boxes, as shown below, indicate a sequence to be entered on the command line. 419</P> 420<pre> 421command option1 option2 422</pre> 423 424<P> 425 Do not enter text enclosed in angle brackets ("<CODE><</CODE>" and "<CODE>></CODE>") verbatim as part of the command syntax. Instead, substitute an appropriate entry for the placeholder description. For example, the string <code><CTRSDK_ROOT></code> indicates that you must enter the CTR-SDK installation path. 426</P> 427<P> 428 Text enclosed by square brackets ("<CODE>[</CODE>" and <CODE>]</CODE>) is optional. In the following example, the <CODE>-a</CODE> parameter is optional and can be omitted. 429</P> 430<pre> 431command [-a] 432</pre> 433<P> 434 Elements in the command sequence joined by the pipe symbol ("<CODE>|</CODE>") indicate available choices for a given parameter. In the following example, you can choose either the <CODE>-a</CODE> or <CODE>-b</CODE> option. 435</P> 436<pre> 437command -a|-b 438</pre> 439<P> 440 Strings in the command sequence surrounded by parentheses (<CODE>()</CODE>) and followed by an ellipsis (<CODE>...</CODE>) indicate elements that can be repeated an arbitrary number of times. In the following example, the sequence of <CODE>-a</CODE> followed by a path can be repeated. 441</P> 442<pre> 443command (-a <PATH>)... 444</pre> 445<P> 446 In this document, the names of Windows tools contained in the <CODE>tools/CommandLineTools</CODE> directory are abbreviated by omitting the leading <CODE>ctr_</CODE> and the ending numeric value and file extension. For example, the abbreviation for <CODE>ctr_makerom32.exe</CODE> is <CODE>makerom</CODE>. 447</P> 448 449 450<H2>Build Sequence</H2> 451 452<H3>Overall Sequence</H3> 453<p> 454 The following figure shows the build sequence when you do not use CRO. For example, if you were to create your application's AXF file from four source files and one static library. <br> <br> <a href="img/dll_flow_normal.png"><img src="img/dll_flow_normal.png" width="277" height="148"></a> <br><br> The following figure shows the changes when <CODE>module1.c</CODE> and <CODE>module2.cpp</CODE> are used to make CRO files. <br> <br> <a href="img/dll_flow_use_cro.png"><img src="img/dll_flow_use_cro.png" width="469" height="829"></a> <br> <br> Thus, 14 additional build steps are necessary to make an existing build system compatible with CRO. 455</p> 456<p> 457 The commands to execute at each of these build steps are described in the following sections. 458</p> 459 460 461 462<H3>Partial Linking</H3> 463<p> 464 The build system uses <CODE>armlink</CODE> to partially link the project and get the symbols that the various modules reference and export. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_partial.png"> <br> <br>Although you essentially use the same command as when creating an application AXF without using CRO, you must add the following options. 465</p> 466<pre> 467--no_scanlib 468--partial 469--vfemode=off 470</pre> 471<p> 472 If you are targeting a static module, do not designate static libraries as input files. 473</p> 474 475 476 477<H3>Create a List of Symbols</H3> 478<p> 479 Create a list of symbols from the PLF files, and create the first XRL file. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create the list of symbols. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_listup.png"> <br> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create a list of symbols as follows. 480</p> 481<pre> 482makecro -l [-a] [-i|-e] -o <INPUT_FILE> <PLF_FILE> 483</pre> 484<p> 485 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is an XRL file containing a list of the symbols referenced or defined by <CODE>PLF_FILE</CODE>. Specify the <CODE>-a</CODE> option if you are targeting a static module. Specify <CODE>-i</CODE> for a symbol export type of <CODE>index</CODE>, and specify <CODE>-e</CODE> for a symbol export type of <CODE>offset</CODE>. If you do not specify anything, the symbol export type is <CODE>name</CODE>. 486</p> 487 488 489 490<H3>Merge Undefined Symbols</H3> 491<p> 492 This updates the XRL file for the static module and specifies that symbols not defined in any module are defined in the static module. It links standard C functions and SDK functions required by the dynamic modules into the static module. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to merge undefined symbols. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_merge.png"> <br> <br>Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to resolve symbol references as follows. (Although the following command is separated into multiple lines for readability, an actual command cannot contain newline characters.) 493</p> 494<pre> 495makecro 496 -c 497 [-i|-e] 498 -o <OUTPUT_FILE> 499 <STATIC_MODULE_XRL_FILE> 500 (-r <DYNAMIC_MODULE_XRL_FILE>)... 501</pre> 502<p> 503 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is an XRL file created by adding the symbols referenced by <CODE>DYNAMIC_MODULE_XRL_FILE</CODE>, but not defined by any module to <CODE>STATIC_MODULE_XRL_FILE</CODE>. Specify <CODE>-i</CODE> for an export type of <CODE>index</CODE> for the added symbols and specify <CODE>-e</CODE> for an export type of <CODE>offset</CODE>. If you do not specify anything, the export type of the added symbols is <CODE>name</CODE>. 504</p> 505 506 507 508<H3>Resolve Symbol References</H3> 509<p> 510 For each symbol referenced by a module, find the module that defines it, and add this information to the XRL file. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to resolve the symbol references. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_resolve.png"> <br> <br>Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to resolve symbol references as follows. 511</p> 512<pre> 513makecro -f -o <OUTPUT_FILE> <XRL_FILE> (-r <REFERENCE_XRL_FILE>)... 514</pre> 515<p> 516 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is the original XRL file (<CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>) updated with the contents of <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE>. 517</p> 518<p> 519 You must execute this command on the XRL files for each module, using that module's file as <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE> and those of the other modules as <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE>. Assuming that your project comprises static module <CODE>App</CODE> and dynamic modules <CODE>Module1</CODE> and <CODE>Module2</CODE>, you would need to execute the following equivalent command on all three modules. 520</p> 521<pre> 522makecro -f -o App.f.xrl App.xrl -r Module1.xrl -r Module2.xrl 523makecro -f -o Module1.f.xrl Module1.xrl -r App.xrl -r Module2.xrl 524makecro -f -o Module2.f.xrl Module2.xrl -r App.xrl -r Module1.xrl 525</pre> 526 527 528 529<H3>Create Command File</H3> 530<p> 531 In the "Merge Undefined Symbols" step, you merged undefined symbols into the XRL file of the static module. Now, create a command-line options file to load these undefined symbols from the static library and export them. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create the command file. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_uae.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to create the command file. 532</p> 533<pre> 534makecro -x -o <OUTPUT_FILE> <XRL_FILE> 535</pre> 536<p> 537 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is a command file generated based on <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>. 538</p> 539 540 541 542<H3>Create Steering Files</H3> 543<p> 544 Create a steering file to give the linker import and export instructions. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create the steering file. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_edit.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to create the steering file. 545</p> 546<pre> 547makecro -s -o <OUTPUT_FILE> <XRL_FILE> 548</pre> 549<p> 550 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is a steering file generated based on <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>. 551</p> 552 553 554 555<H3>Link Static Module</H3> 556<p> 557 Use <CODE>armlink</CODE> to link the static module, adding the specifications of the command file and steering file to the command-line options. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_link_static.png"> <br> <br>Although you essentially use the same command as when creating an application AXF without using CRO, you must add the following options. 558</p> 559<pre> 560--base_platform 561--edit=<STEERING_FILE> 562--override_visi. 563--pltgot=direct 564--undefined_and_export=nnroAeabiAtexit_ 565--vfemode=off 566--via <COMMAND_FILE> 567</pre> 568<p> 569 <CODE>STEERING_FILE</CODE> is the steering file you created in <b>Create Steering Files</b>, and <CODE>COMMAND_FILE</CODE> is the <CODE>use</CODE> file that you created in <b>Create Command File</b>. 570</p> 571 572 573 574<H3>Link Dynamic Modules</H3> 575<p> 576 Use <CODE>armlink</CODE> to link the dynamic modules, adding the specifications of the steering file to the command-line options. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_link_dynamic.png"> <br> <br>Although you essentially use the same command as when creating an application AXF without using CRO, you must add the following options. 577</p> 578<pre> 579--base_platform 580--dll 581--edit=<STEERING_FILE> 582--no_cppinit 583--no_scanlib 584--override_visi. 585--pltgot=direct 586--scatter=<CTRSDK_ROOT>/resources/specfiles/linker/CTR.Ro.MPCore.ldscript 587--undefined_and_export=nnroControlObject_ 588--emit_non_debug_relocs 589</pre> 590<p> 591 Set <CODE>STEERING_FILE</CODE> to the steering file you created in <b>Create Steering Files</b>. Set the <CODE>--scatter</CODE> option to <CODE>CTR.Ro.MPCore.ldscript</CODE> rather than <CODE>CTR.Process.MPCore.ldscript</CODE>. 592</p> 593<p> 594 Do not specify the following option. 595</p> 596<pre> 597--keep=nnMain 598</pre> 599<p> 600 You also do not need to specify <CODE>crt0.o</CODE> as an input file. 601</p> 602<p> 603 You must also specify the following option if you use C++ exceptions. 604</p> 605<pre> 606--undefined=nnroEitNode_ 607</pre> 608 609 610 611<H3>Create Command File 2</H3> 612<p> 613 Create a command-line option file to implement the changes for symbols for which there were changes to the references in <b>Resolve Symbolic References</b>. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create command file 2. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_fil.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to create command file 2. 614</p> 615<pre> 616makecro -w -o <OUTPUT_FILE> <XRL_FILE> 617</pre> 618<p> 619 Command file 2 is created based on <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE> and generated as <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE>. 620</p> 621 622 623 624<H3>Forced References</H3> 625<p> 626 Implement changes to references for symbols for which there were changes to the references in <b>Resolve Symbolic References</b>. Use <CODE>fromelf</CODE>, which is included in ARMCC, to force the references. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_import.png"> <br> <br>Use <CODE>fromelf</CODE> to force the references, as follows. 627</p> 628<pre> 629fromelf <AXF_FILE> --elf -o <OUTPUT_FILE> --via <COMMAND_FILE_2> 630</pre> 631<p> 632 An AXF file for which the changes to the references in <CODE>AXF_FILE</CODE> were applied based on the specifications in <CODE>COMMAND_FILE_2</CODE> is output as <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE>. 633</p> 634 635 636 637<H3>Resolve Offsets</H3> 638<p> 639 Get symbol-offset information from the AXF file that the linker created, and update the XRL file. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to resolve offsets. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_offset.png"> <br> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to resolve XRL offsets as follows. 640</p> 641<pre> 642makecro <AXF_FILE> -p -o <OUTPUT_FILE> -d <XRL_FILE> 643</pre> 644<p> 645 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is the original XRL file (<CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>) updated with offset information based on <CODE>AXF_FILE</CODE>. 646</p> 647 648 649 650<H3>Create the CRS File</H3> 651<p> 652 Create the CRS file from the static-module AXF file and XRL file. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create the CRS file. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_crs.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to create the CRS file. (Although the following command is separated into multiple lines for readability, an actual command cannot contain newline characters.) 653</p> 654<pre> 655makecro 656 <AXF_FILE> 657 -o <OUTPUT_FILE> 658 -d <XRL_FILE> 659 (-r <REFERENCE_XRL_FILE>)... 660</pre> 661<p> 662 This creates <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> as a CRS file from <CODE>AXF_FILE</CODE>, in accordance with the specifications of <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>. Use <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE> to resolve the offsets of other modules. 663</p> 664<p> 665 You must execute the command using <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE> to designate the XRL file corresponding to the static module, and <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE> to designate the other XRL files. Assuming that your project comprises static module <CODE>App</CODE> and dynamic modules <CODE>Module1</CODE> and <CODE>Module2</CODE>, you would use the following command to create the CRS file. 666</p> 667<pre> 668makecro App.axf -o App.crs -d App.xrl -r Module1.xrl -r Module2.xrl 669</pre> 670 671 672 673<H3>Create the CRO Files</H3> 674<p> 675 Create the CRO files from the dynamic-module AXF files and XRL files. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to create the CRO file. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_cro.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to create the CRO file. (Although the following command is separated into multiple lines for readability, an actual command cannot contain newline characters.) 676</p> 677<pre> 678makecro 679 <AXF_FILE> 680 -o <OUTPUT_FILE_1> 681 -t <OUTPUT_FILE_2> 682 -d <XRL_FILE> 683 (-r <REFERENCE_XRL_FILE>)... 684</pre> 685<p> 686 This creates <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE_1</CODE> as the CRO file from <CODE>AXF_FILE</CODE>, in accordance with the specifications of <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE>. At the same time, it creates <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE_2</CODE> as the <CODE>cro.rlt</CODE> file. Use <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE> to resolve the offsets of other modules. 687</p> 688<p> 689 You must execute the command using <CODE>XRL_FILE</CODE> to designate the XRL file corresponding to the target dynamic module, and <CODE>REFERENCE_XRL_FILE</CODE> to designate the other XRL files. Assuming that your project comprises static module <CODE>App</CODE> and dynamic modules <CODE>Module1</CODE> and <CODE>Module2</CODE>, you would use the following command to create the CRO files. 690</p> 691<pre> 692makecro Module1.axf -o Module1.cro -t Module1.cro.rlt -d Module1.xrl -r App.xrl -r Module2.xrl 693</pre> 694 695 696 697<H3>Create the CRR File</H3> 698<p> 699 This step creates the CRR file by merging the <CODE>.cro.rlt</CODE> files. Use <CODE>makecrr</CODE> to create the CRR file. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_crr.png"> <br> Use <CODE>makecrr</CODE> as follows. 700</p> 701<pre> 702makecrr [-d] -o <output file> (-r <.cro.rlt file>)... 703</pre> 704<p> 705 <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE> is a CRR file merging the <CODE>.cro.rlt</CODE> files (<CODE>CRO_RLT_FILE</CODE>). Specify the <CODE>-d</CODE> option to store information necessary for debugging the <CODE>CRO</CODE> object in the CRR file. 706</p> 707 708 709 710<H2>nnroUnresolved</H2> 711<p> 712 Using the <CODE>nnroUnresolved</CODE> function with the static module requires additional build steps. These are the additional build steps that are required to use the <CODE>nnroUnresolved</CODE> function with the static module. 713</p> 714<p> 715 For a detailed explanation of the <CODE>nnroUnresolved</CODE> function, see the <i><a href="DllManual.html#nnroUnresolved" target="_parent">DLL Manual</a></i>. 716</p> 717 718<H3>Build Sequence</H3> 719<p> 720 The following image shows the build sequence surrounding the creation of a CCI file or a CXI file from the AFX file of the application, when DLLs are used. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_unr_old.png"> <br> <br> That is changed as follows.<br> <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_unr_new.png"> <br> <br>In addition, you must specify an additional command-line option when creating the command file. 721</p> 722<p> 723 The commands to execute at each of these build steps are described in the following sections. 724</p> 725 726 727<H3>Create the Command File</H3> 728<p> 729 If the <CODE>nnroUnresolved</CODE> function is used with the static module, you must specify an additional command-line option in <b>Create the Command File</b>. The additional option is <code>-y nnroUnresolved</code>. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows. 730</p> 731<pre> 732makecro -x -y nnroUnresolved -o <OUTPUT_FILE> <XRL_FILE> 733</pre> 734 735<H3>Replacing References</H3> 736<p> 737 In the <CODE>.axf</CODE> file, overwrite the place where the DLL symbol is referenced to reference <CODE>nnroUnresolved</CODE>. Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> to replace the reference. <br> <br> <img src="img/dll_flow_replace.png"> <br> <br>Use <CODE>makecro</CODE> as follows to replace the reference. 738</p> 739<pre> 740makecro -u nnroUnresolved -o <<CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE>> <<CODE>INPUT_FILE</CODE>> 741</pre> 742<p> 743 An AXF file based on the <CODE>INPUT_FILE</CODE>, but with the reference replaced, is created as the <CODE>OUTPUT_FILE</CODE>. 744</p> 745 746 747 748<H2>Revision History</H2> 749<dl class="history"> 750 <dt>2012/07/10</dt> 751 <dd> 752 Added <CODE>--emit_non_debug_relocs</CODE> as a necessary option in the "Link Dynamic Modules" step. 753 </dd> 754 755 <dt>2012/06/22</dt> 756 <dd> 757 Added a link to <I>Guide to Developing a Build System (for High-Level DLLs)</I>.<br/> 758 </dd> 759 760 <dt>2012/04/23</dt> 761 <dd> 762 Updated "Overall Sequence." Added "Command File 2" and "Forced References." 763 </dd> 764 765 <dt>2012/02/27</dt> 766 <dd> 767 Corrected the command to create a CRS file in the "Create CRS File" section.<br> Corrected a typo. 768 </dd> 769 770 <dt>2012/02/20</dt> 771 <dd> 772 Corrected the command to create <CODE>app.crs</CODE> in the overall sequence chart. 773 </dd> 774 775 <dt>2011/12/12</dt> 776 <dd> 777 Added the section <B>nnroUnresolved</B>. 778 </dd> 779 780 <dt>2011/09/26</dt> 781 <dd> 782 Added description of the <CODE>-d</CODE> option to <B>Create the CRR File</B>. Added the Revision History section. 783 </dd> 784 785 <dt>2011/08/03</dt> 786 <dd> 787 Initial version. 788 </dd> 789</dl> 790 791 792<div class="footer"><span>Guide to Developing a Build System (for DLLs)</span></div> 793 794<p>CTR-06-0203-002-I<br>CONFIDENTIAL</p></body> 795</HTML>
